Personal Statement Personal Finance - 1534 Words

Personal Finance The most important part of having any success in your financial security is to have a sound financial plan. This is the process of managing your money to achieve personal economic satisfaction (pg. 5). Throughout this course I have learned many strategies that I will be able to use to gain financial security. Reading these chapters has helped me to realize that I do not have a good grip on my finances. I hope to take what I have learned and be in a more secure financial state that will be beneficial to me as well as my family. Financial Goals The most attainable goal right now to me will be working on a few short term goals that I can remove within the next year (pg. 11). I think by focusing on a few debts that can be paid off in a year’s time will allow me to focus on the bigger things that seem to be weighing me down financially. I think many people get burdened down with small bills because we see something and immediately think we have to have it. This has led to my situation of having small bills that I can actually get rid of and save that money for more important things. I think that working on these short term goals will lead me into taking that next step up to working on the intermediate goals. Intermediate goals have a time frame of two to five years (pg.11). These types of debt may take longer to pay off and may prove to be the real struggle. I think in my case it seems so far down the road that I will never reach that goal. I have taken what IShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Personal Finance1607 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Finance Personal finance decision is a very important decision as it involves management of day-to-day finances of an individual or his family. Personal finance includes not only obtaining, budgeting, saving, and spending monetary resources over time but also taking into account various financial risks and future life events. It includes all activities which an individual is concerned about like investment, insurance, tax, debt servicing, mortgages etc. Financial planning involves analysingRead MorePersonal Statement On Personal Finance1724 Words   |  7 Pages Knowledge about personal finance is not always common knowledge and although money touches most modern homes, most parents don’t teach their kids about money either. It can be hard to find time in a busy schedule to figure out when and how to adjust your time to set up a proper budget so instead you just decide to live pay check to paycheck because it got your parents by and now it gets you by and that has just always work ed. One day you have to grow up and realize that those consequences ofRead MorePersonal Statement : Personal Finance1628 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Personal finance is overall a very important topic that many people don’t know enough about. Investing is something that I do not know enough about and I know it is a very important. 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La Moulin Galette Free Essays

Michael Priddy Angela Brasser, Adjunct Professor Art 100 November 8, 2010 Le Moulin De La Galette The year was 1876 when Pierre Augustus Renoir painted his Le Moulin De La Galette this piece of art was in the style of impressionism. This was a fairly new art style during these years thus making it very popular at the time. Renoir’s works has endured the test of time with the popularity of his art and is still one of history’s more prominent artists. We will write a custom essay sample on La Moulin Galette or any similar topic only for you Order Now The painting itself was an open-air oil portrait on canvas that measured 4ft. 3in. X5ft. 8in. the composition of the painting was of a large outdoor gathering of music and dancing which included many of Renoir’s friends, including one of his closest friends Georges Rivie`re. The following year while at the third impressionist exhibit of 1877 Rivie`re described the painting as follows: â€Å"It is a page of history, a precious monument to Parisian life, Done with rigorous exactitude. No one before Renoir had thought of portraying an event in ordinary life on a canvas of such big dimensions† (Rivie`re quote, Sayer 493) The type of line generally employed throughout the painting is primarily expressive and flowing, this is generally type of line impressionist used in their paintings. When Renoir painted this portrait his use of line seemed to soften the overall look of the painting. While there are areas in the painting where the artist’s line are more structured and deliberate the overall feel of the painting is that the line is free flowing and expressive. Renoir’s use of space is very precisely controlled by the overlapping of figures in the painting to create the feel of a large outdoor courtyard. While the overlapping of the figures create the feel of an open courtyard, it also portrays at the same time how completely cramped and crowded the dance area seems to be, this also helps define the space and also creates a feel of movement in the painting. Renoir’s scale that he placed on the table and the people around it, compared to the dancers in the rest of the painting helped the viewer take in the entire painting and gave it a sense of balance. The colors in the paintings palette were mostly analogous cool colors of different shades of blues and greens. There are other colors used in the painting and these are used in the complementary manner in order to intensify each color, there were fewer areas of complementary colors in the painting this was probably done in this manner to keep your eyes going to different focal points in the painting. Impressionism is a style of painting that uses a command of light and shadows and colors by discontinuous brush strokes to represent the effects of light. It shows that light can be reflected to show color in shadows and not just the brown or black darkness of a shadow that is typically described as a shadow. To many this mastery and skill of using light is one of the most important skills in painting. Renoir completely showed his skill of adding light to his portraits by creating a feel of the sun cascading through the canopy of trees in the courtyard. All through the painting the viewer will see small streams of light gently falling onto the people and furnishings in the courtyard. There does seem to be a repeating pattern in the painting especially in the way the same colors are used throughout the painting and how there seems to be certain figures looking directly towards you. By the way Renoir used this type of line orientation also helps in defining the relationship of space by having different figures looking directly at you from different levels in the painting thus creating a feel of spatial depth. The focal point and emphasis of the painting seems to have been placed on the area where the woman is leaning down with her hand placed upon the young girl in the striped dress, the lady is in conversation with one of the young men at the table. The young girl has her gaze focused beyond the scope of the painting possibly watching the band as they play the music that the group is enjoying and dancing too or maybe another activity that has caught her attention. One of the identifiable figures in the painting was of the male who is seated at the table to the far right who seems to be either writing or possibly sketching the lady, who used as the focal point, by the way he is so closely looking at her trying either to take in all she is saying or to study her for his sketch. That male figure in fact is of Georges Rivie`re the friend of Renoir who was mentioned earlier. The painting has used asymmetrical balance; this type of approach differs from symmetrical balance, which is when there are components on each side of the portrait that mirror each other (Sayer 145). Another way Renoir created and shown asymmetrical balance in this portrait was from the larger area of the table and the guests around it and how it compared to the other areas of where the dancers have gathered. Also the darker and more prominent areas of the painting are balanced by the open area where the sunlight seems to show an area of the ground. By doing this the artist has added the balance of the lightened area to the shaded darker area, and also the area of less activity to area of the dance floor, by doing this you are again drawn back to the focal point of the painting. This analysis has focused on certain parts of Renoir’s La Moulin De La Galette, but a viewer must try to be able see how each of the parts simply compliment each other to completely appreciate this wonderful art work. People have often stated many times in the past that â€Å"I don’t know art, but I know what I like† with this attitude a viewer will be able to enjoy this painting immensely, but when you realize and see the way Renoir used so many artistic tools and techniques to achieve this work of art, then the viewer will be able actually to appreciate this art work. The skill and thought that have been used on this painting is obviously evident. Most of Renoir’s paintings have a more somber feel and approach, but this painting depicts a fun and lighthearted day that was overly filled with dancing, music and wine that was enjoyed by all in attendance. {Total word count 1103} Work cited Sayer, Henry M. The World of Art. Ed. Leah Jewell published by Pearson Education Inc. as Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Printed text How to cite La Moulin Galette, Papers

Security Vulnerability of BYOD Systems

Question: Discuss about the Security Vulnerability of BYOD Systems. Answer: Introduction: Aztek is a finance organization based from Australia. Aztek has been using old manual systems for managing its operations and workforce with limited number of computers used by some of the employees. However, with recent expansion of the company, the company has realized the need for hiring new employees as well as digitizing most of its operations. However, for this, the company would need to have a huge number of systems which can be a significant cost to the company. Thus, the company thought of considering the BYOD model that would allow its employees to use their own devices such that the procurement cost of the company for taking personal computers or laptops for employees is largely eliminated. However, this would add the employee devices to the critical infrastructure and when these devices are also used for personal purpose outside the purview of the company, certain security risks may be faced by the organization. In Australia, the government does not have very strict laws or acts for securing BYOD devices. However, some of the local and state governments in Australia, surveillance program can be run for employees working in specific territories. New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory are key jurisdiction areas in Australia. When following legal procured, the legal frameworks defined by these territorial bodies would be used. A per these acts, organizations in Australia are given the freedom to use own employee surveillance methods and security policies. However, the federal, territorial or state jurisdictions failed in Australia to provide any sound measures against unauthorized users. Moreover, companies cannot track the devices used by employees except in the cases of certain serious situations. One law is called ANSW Act which can be used for applying in the case of BYOD devices as it applied to employees not only while working inside the organization but also outside it. Employers can use their own decided surveillance procedures for monitoring communication of their employees when using BYOD devices outside the company setting. Any communication not complying with the act can be monitored and strict action can be taken to restrict such communication. This can be used for stopping sharing of sensitive files of the company by its employees outside the local network. An overt surveillance is used by Aztek using monitoring software and before 15 days of any surveillance, employees are informed. Another governance act is Workplace Privacy Act 2011 (ACT) which has defined procedures that can be used for surveillance of employee communication that happens over email. Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act 1979 can also be applied to the digital media communication. This covers interception related permissions and communication that is happening between two employees within an organization. Employers can track the message content that is shared but personal information such as email address, Meta data and duration of communication cannot be traced. The section 5F of this law gives protection to BYOD operating model with the ability to contravene when the law is violated by an employee. It can lead to 3 years of an imprisonment and 900 penalty units at maximum for sender as well as receiver (Attorney-Generals Department, Canberra , 2011). Aztek can deploy an Acceptable Use Policy for establishing a regulatory environment such that following decisions can be taken: What surveillance procedure for tracking of BYOD communication devices? How can the surveillance be carried out? Whether to use surveillance process continuously? If surveillance should be carried out for specified duration or should on for a full tenure? Privacy Act (APP 5) needs company to develop a BYOD management policy for which some preparation is required such as (Wiseman, 2013): If an employer needs to store some information about the employee then it can be done While tracking communication , no personal information may be recorded by the employer When an employee discloses any information outside, it should be known to the company Policy statements can define way of using employee information, reporting procedures in case of data breach, and the access rights (GILBERT, 2014) Security Posture of Aztek As a part of critical infrastructure, BYOD can cause risks of security posture of Aztek and some of the impact areas could be: Risks that alter Azteks security posture Risks because of using mobile devices Risks may be caused by differences in geographies, people or laws Some barriers to deployment of BYOD in finance industry are location regulations, industry requirements, and difficulties in controlling mobile usage. Certain compliance procedures can be used for security in financial companies such as mobile device security procedures, risk management, and mobile environment management. Securing Mobile Devices: Astek used to use the mobile devices supplied by the same organization and thus, have similar software making it easier for the company to establish control over the devices. It was also easy to establish policy controls and apply to them. This included control on employee rights so as to allow only limited exposure to them. There was a unified interface that could be used for managing critical applications by users (Kim Hong, 2014). However, with BYOD, the devices would not have unified interface or software which would also not be owned or controlled by the employer. Because of the lack of consistency in the use of mobile devices, no uniform control system may be applied to different devices. This would thus affect the security posture or Aztek and to protect system because of this change, new policies have to be formulated. This would ensure the improved security for mobile devices with different configurations and settings as well as specific application vulnerabilities. Protection can be established in several ways such as by preventing use of critical applications over mobile but this would not be very encouraging for professionals to make use of mobile device for office purposes. Thus, an alternate and more flexible approach may be needed which is also taking care of the risks with mobile environment. Risks with BYOD devices: Risk from stolen mobile devices: It has been seen that over 22% of mobile devices get stolen everywhere but only 50% of these are actually recovered. If an employee devices which is not fully protected gets stolen and it has the settings already established for connecting to the critical infrastructure of the organization, it can lead to an unauthentic view of the company by a possible thief. The employee may not be very keen on protecting devices and on the other side; the user stealing mobile device may connect with the critical infrastructure of the system using a Private Virtual Network. People can misuse the data obtained in this way. Password encryptions can be used for preventing such access. Other than these, there can be other protection measures like wiping off data from remote place. Risks form Physical Access: BYOD device can be taken outside the organizational environment which can expose them to ay third person. If this turns out to be a hacker, there is a probability that the company would face a virus attack which would threaten the entire critical infrastructure of the company. These issues can be reduced if the organization uses certain device management policies. End user ownership related risks: As BYOD devices belong to individuals, they have higher sense of ownership and thus, they are not very satisfied with any restrictions put by the organization. They may unlock the access restriction or jailbreak systems leading to the exposure of critical infrastructure to more risks. Even in the case of stealing of a device, the employee may not inform the company immediately so that they can take actions (Morrow, 2012). Risks due to increased data access: If VPN connection used in BYOD devices is not very secure, the device owner would probably face the risk of losing data. Security bugs may enter the system though the social media or other connections that may have been established. Risks due to lack of awareness about security risks: If employees do not have sufficient knowledge about security aspects then this lack of awareness can cause vulnerabilities. Thus, it is important to have safe procedures to secure devices. There can be some measures that can be taken by Aztek or protection of BYOD devices: Keep devices monitoring and identify vulnerabilities. Device management policies can be determined and implemented. Use of security best practices can be encouraged in employees such as PIN code generation, complex encryption and remote data wiping. A baseline may be created considering specification and configurations of operating system or software Addressing App Risks: BYOD devices are a part of critical infrastructure of an organization and thus, any malicious code entering into such a device would risk a complete compromise of the critical infrastructure system. Malware protection software when installed in these devices, it can help. However, if security settings are changed by an employee then it can lead to more vulnerability. Use of data compartmentalisation is one of the methods that can be used to avoid such issues. Managing mobile environment: Employees tend to change their devices or software frequently and thus the IT assets information does not remain updated always. Different hardware and software cycles and several upgrades can cause differences. If devices are not managed properly and the employee does not implement required patches on time, it can increase vulnerability(EY, 2013). Policies related to mobile usage, patching, local service support and self-service solutions can be used here. Risk Assessment A Cybersecurity framework can be utilized for assessing risks. The framework defines security practices that are flexible, and reusable, as well as based on priority, performance and cost. The regulatory body and IT security experts have mutually formed this framework. It has a mechanism defined to describe security posture, identify improvement scope, prioritize plan, monitor progress and communicate risks to stakeholders. The framework identifies the following: Security functions: These include risk identification, incidence detection IT assets protection, response planning, and data recovery. Categories and subcategories: Risk function are categorized into asset management, access control and incident detection. Each category has a sub-category such as notification under protection. These include the guidance provided by industry experts for enhancing protection There are four key tiers of security that are identified by the framework. Lower levels provide less protection while higher tiers have better protection. Tier 1 has partial protection provided by an integrated risk management program without processes formalized Tier 2 has protection provided by an integrated risk management program with some processes formalized and certain activities and priorities defined for categories Tier 3 has protection for whole organization and devices. It has formalized risk management and framework also has consistency methods for making changes in this tier. Highest level of protection is provided at tier 4 which is adaptive to security landscape and its management becomes a part of the company culture. As per this framework, Aztek would conduct a basic security review. This review involves opportunity identification for security posture enhancement, security requirements communication to stakeholders and protection policy enforcement for BYOD devices. Basic review: The current practices carried out in an organization can be explored in the basic review which involves risk identification and management, incident detection, risk response plan, device protection, and system recovery. The current security system of the company is more suitable for traditional settings and thus, new practices have to be adopted. Establishing security program: A New security program may be implemented using following steps: Define the objectives and set priorities for various business activities involving IT assets. BYOD devices scheme would add to the IT asset management scope and priorities. Establish end point security in the BYOD devices as they can also travel out of the premises of the office. With end point security, control can be established over BYOD devices but at the same time, the company must ensure that privacy of employees is not violated (Romer, 2014). A security program may be established with determination of vulnerabilities and threats faced by BYOD devices. Some of the risks would be data loss and consumer data leakage. With devices connected to internet, vulnerabilities are increased and thus, established security controls may have to be enhanced (Tokuyoshi, 2013) Security activities can be divided into some categories and sub-categories. These categories can be identity theft, unauthorized access, financial fraud, and financial record modification. A risk assessment of each type of threat or risk is done below: Identity Thefts: A hacker can misuse the identity information of a user if stolen and create a monetary damage t the customers or the company. This can cause financial losses as well as a loss of reputation. The company would also need to compensate for the risk to its customers. Finance Records Modification: If a financial detail in the database of the company gets hacked, the hackers can take out money from the accounts without the knowledge of account holders and the loss is identified only after a lot of it is already made. Unauthorized Access: If a hacker gets an unauthorised access t a device then it can lead to launch of attacks by the hacker on the critical infrastructure of the company. DDOS attacks are the ones that disrupt company operations and prevent genuine users from assessing their systems. Financial Fraud: If user credentials are stolen, hackers can use it to gain financial benefits and thus, user credentials have to be protected. Target profiles with requirements and influences of each stakeholder may be prepared as follows: Risk Category Stakeholders Requirements Identity Thefts Employees Device users Secure information stored in personal devices Records alteration Aztek Management Employees Users Prevent modification of stored information by unauthentic user. Unauthorized access Users Management An internal security policy may be used for protecting leakage or misuse of financial information. Financial fraud Consumers Companies Investors Potential financial fraud patterns in the industry may be analyzed and sufficient protective measure maybe taken Security system gaps are first identified analysed, and then priorities are set for every category that maybe created on the basis of mission, benefits, risks, or costs. These gaps can be related to system vulnerabilities, knowledge awareness in employees, and monitoring systems. After creating the plan for security management every category as well as the sub-category would be considered for implementation (NIST, 2014). Opportunity Identification: Industry cases can be studied to understand the best practices that can be used for the Aztek system. Some of these practices are: Trusted sources can be identified from untrusted sources using infrastructure controls Stringent controls may be used while accessing critical applications through devices such as multifactor authentication. Employees must be made aware of the security cases and implications so that they can be careful Data Security Policies can be used for managing wireless systems, media usage employee code of conduct and so on through proper authorization systems used for protecting user devices. Some strategies include encryption, MDM, sandboxing, wiping and so on(Paschke, 2014). When BYOD devices are connected to the internet, it is exposed to many risks that can be prevented using appropriate policies for protection for environment security. Productivity reduction and data loss can result from mismanagement of BYOD devices. It is imperative to monitor and track the devices. Sensitive data can be removed from the mobiles such that there are no risks of sharing them. A remote wiping would help erase the stored data from a mobile in case it is stolen(Infrascale, 2014). Data losses can cause serious financial losses for the company. Thus, there is a need to have a control on how data is used and what data is shared. Certain data protection rules and strategies can be used such as: Employee logs on the use and sharing of files can be created Company can use password management policies for creating safe passwords. Some restrictions can be set for employees outside with minimal access to company systems minimal(WatchGaurd, 2013). Users must be taught on different concepts of security such as device administration, data encryption, authentication, malware, incidence response, and more(Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada, 2015). References Attorney-Generals Department, Canberra . (2011, March 28). Telecommunications (Interception and Access) Act 1979 . Retrieved from rm.coe.int: https://rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent?documentId=0900001680304330 EY. (2013). Bring your own device - Security and risk considerations for your mobile device program. EY. GILBERT, P. L. (2014). Surveillance of workplace communications:What are the rules? TOBIN. Infrascale. (2014). BYOD Program Best Practices for Data Protection Security . Infrascale. Kim, K. Hong, S. (2014). Study on Enhancing Vulnerability Evaluations for BYOD Security.International Journal Of Security And Its Applications,8(4), 229-238. https://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijsia.2014.8.4.20 Morrow, B. (2012). BYOD security challenges: control and protect your most sensitive data.Network Security,2012(12), 5-8. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-4858(12)70111-3 NIST. (2014). Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada. (2015). Is a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) Program the Right Choice for Your Organization?: Privacy and Security Risks of a BYOD Program. Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada. Paschke, C. (2014). Bring Your Own Device Security and Privacy Legal Risks. Information Law Group. Romer, H. (2014). Best practices for BYOD security.Computer Fraud Security,2014(1), 13-15. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-3723(14)70007-7 Tokuyoshi, B. (2013). The security implications of BYOD.Network Security,2013(4), 12-13. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-4858(13)70050-3 WatchGaurd. (2013). BYOD: Bring Your Own Device or Bring Your Own Danger? WatchGaurd. Wiseman, C. (2013). BYOD: Bridging the gap.Seced,2013(9). https://dx.doi.org/10.12968/sece.2013.9.1832

Only Words Essays (867 words) - Anti-pornography Feminism

Only Words Constitutionally protected speech that is Clearly sexual abuse is discriminating and unconstitutional, therefore, must be restricted speech. Catherine A. MacKinnon, in her book "Only Words" gives persuading evidence that pornography subordinates women as a group through sexual abuse. She says "Protecting pornography means protecting sexual abuse as speech, at the same time that both pornography and it's protection have deprived women of speech, especially speech against pornography (MacKinnon, 9). MacKinnon argues this bye explaining defamation and discrimination, racial and sexual harassment, and equality and speech. Women are sexually abused for the making of pornography. Torture, rape, hot wax dripping over nipples, and murdering women are the tools to produce a product of evil. Literature is the description of these crimes against humanity (emphasized) and cameras are proof of these crimes. On the assumption that words have only a referential relation to reality, pornography is defended as only words-even when it is pictures women had to directly used to make, even when the means of writing are women's bodies, even when a women is destroyed in order to say it or show it or because it was said or shown. (MacKinnon, 12) However, assuming words are only a partial relation to reality would mean we would have to reconsider what reality is. Our wedding vows such as "I do" would be meaningless and a jury could never return a verdict that is only partial to reality. These words are "treated as the institutions and practices they constitute, rather than as expressions of the idea they embody" (Mackinnon, 13) Therefore, if these words of pornography are only words, don't they institutionalize rape? Since pornography is rape on women. Pornography is protected by the First Amendment as free speech, but why? Because the pornographic materials are construed as ideas, and the First Amendment protects ideas. Pornography is commonly brushed of as some product of fantasy for those who buy it. But what about the women who were tortured to make it. Also it is brushed off as simulated. This means that the pain and hurt the women are feeling is just acting. Put a little music and a smile here and there to cover up the pain, and you are portraying to and giving pure pleasure for those who buy the product. Just like fantasizing a death, how do you simulate a death? But discarding pornography as a representation is the most frequent excuse. But how can a murder be justified on terms of representation? (MacKinnon, 27,28) . When one fantasizes about murdering another person, this is premeditation of murder. If he were to express this idea, he would be heard as expressing a threat and penalized. For the obvious reason, publications that are "how to" guides on murdering people are not protected speech. I believe Pornography is the catalyst for premeditation of rape. Pornography flicks are "how to" guides for rape. So why are they legal? His idea is protected, and further more is his threat of "I'm gonna *censored* her", because both are seen as fantasy, but why isn't murder seen as fantasy? Murder is the loss of ones life, but so is pornography when women have been killed to produce it. Pornography is proven to be addicted. When somebody is addicted to premeditating rape, it's only a matter of time before his addiction of premeditation becomes a solid plan. Sexual or racial harassment has been suggested to only be made illegal if only directed at an individual and not a group. "The idea seems to be that injury to one person is legally actionalble, but the same injury to thousands of people is protected speech". (MacKinnon, 51) This would be disparate impact which involves "employment practices that are facially neutral in their treatment of different groups, but that, in fact, fall more harshly on one group than another and cannot be justified by business necessity." (Lindgren & Taub,167) Pornography is disparate impact on women, because of the sexual abuse, and ironically the disparate impact seems to be the business necessity. Under Title Seven's disparate impact treatment concept, pornography is illegal. ( I just have to prove it now) Also, is there not reasonable "harm" (Wolgast, 432, Fem Juris) for a women to visit a place where men are watching a porno and premeditating her rape? Is she not infringed on her First Amendment right to congregate with equal respect. The idea of pornography (pre meditated rape) does not allow her respect. It does not allow respect for women as a whole, living among men as a whole, who have

Classic education and universities. A road to survival

Classic education and universities. A road to survival Is traditional university losing its grip? The idea of a research university became obvious when Prussian college professor, Wilhelm von Humboldt, proposed a new system, which had to deal with student’s personal experience rather than boring lectures. In the meantime, empirical learning grew to be popular among his younger colleagues, causing Humboldt to expand his strategy and place all his hopes and dreams on the role of research in an institution. Instead of usual academic writing, students were given the task to develop their own approach to educational methods and choose what’s best for them, based on the system of simple observation. Individual projects were presented weekly, and Humboldt could witness an increasing progress in the student’s thinking. Apart from that, he revolutionized the understanding of a university as a public institution. Before that, teachers were mainly focused on the works of ancient authors and considered tradition to be the best learning method and source. Copying the canon was a usual practice, and students summarized what was previously said with the help of their professors. Nothing was left to the learners and their experimental values. Later, in the 1950s, universities in the UK and North America were largely influenced by the teaching models, borrowed from Humboldt. Research centers opened across the country, and students flooded colleges to establish their own projects and become educated academically. With the enhancement of the typical teaching-only model of learning, though, these tendencies vanished into thin air, and lecture theatres became popular once again. There are institutions where face-to-face delivery still remains the norm, while other forms of interaction between a teacher and a student are considered to be ineffective, but generally, online communication wins the hearts of students as the time goes. Campus-less establishments So, what do all these tendencies mean at the end of the day? Will classic universities close and give way to a more modernized system of education, involving online delivery and campus-less teaching? We cannot say for sure, but there have been numerous expressions of gratitude from students, who had an experience in online learning. They were allowed to equal educational facilities and high class diplomas, whereas in other cases the tuition fees would be too unaffordable to handle. Some teachers claim, however, that you should pay your price for using online resources and neglecting the traditional, overcrowded lecture room. With the development of digital learning, we start to forget the empirical experience seminars provides on a daily basis, and regular news updates keep us away from vital information, necessary for successful learning. In the meantime, blog writers and students, who are too focused on using apps for their classes instead of actual listening, are in great danger. They may lose their connection with reality and an ability to evaluate material, based on the source and structure. This is a tendency that is not uncommon among younger learners with their dedication to tweeting and scrolling through the news on Facebook. One may wonder whether the same students will comprehend given information and analyze it according to the teacher’s learning scheme. Unfortunately, most of them have a short attention span, which does not help in case one needs to use a clear and focused approach. Tweeting a sentence differs greatly from making notes on your own, and teacher-student communication cannot be replaced by online resources, no matter how good or mind-blowing the strategy is. The truth about colleges and universities remains the same these days: you have to combine online communication with the real one, and develop a strong sense of academic-led dialogue, where digital sources act as background information. The main values of the traditional institutions have not changed, and we cherish research and analytical thinking as core principles of learning in college.

African Commonwealth Nations

African Commonwealth Nations The following alphabetical list gives the date at which each African Country joined the Commonwealth of Nations as an independent state. The majority of African countries joined as Commonwealth Realms, later converting to Commonwealth Republics. Two countries, Lesotho and Swaziland, joined as Kingdoms. British Somaliland (which joined with Italian Somaliland five days after gaining independence in 1960 to form Somalia), and Anglo-British Sudan (which became a republic in 1956) did not become members of the Commonwealth of Nations. Egypt, which had been part of the Empire until 1922, has never shown an interest in becoming a member. African Commonwealth Nations Botswana, 30 September 1966 as a RepublicCameroon, 11 November 1995 as a RepublicThe Gambia, 18 February 1965 as a Realm- became a Republic on 24 April 1970Ghana, 6 March 1957 as a Realm- became a Republic 1 July 1960Kenya, 12 December 1963 as a Realm- became a Republic on 12 December 1964Lesotho, 4 October 1966 as a KingdomMalawi, 6 July 1964 as a Realm- became a Republic on 6 July 1966Mauritius, 12 March 1968 as a realm- became a Republic on 12 March 1992Mozambique, 12 December 1995 as a RepublicNamibia, 21 March 1990 as a republicNigeria, 1 October 1960 as a Realm- became a Republic on 1 October 1963 – suspended between 11 November 1995 and 29 May 1999Rwanda, 28 November 2009 as a RepublicSeychelles, 29 June 1976 as a RepublicSierra Leone, 27 April 1961 as a Realm- became a Republic 19 April 1971South Africa, 3 December 1931 as a Realm- withdrew on becoming a Republic on 31 May 1961, rejoined 1 June 1994Swaziland, 6 September 1968 as a KingdomTanganyika, 9 December 1961 as a Realm- became Republic of Tanganyika on 9 December 1962, United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar on 26 April 1964, and United Republic of Tanzania on 29 October 1964. Uganda, 9 October 1962 as a Realm- became a Republic on 9 October 1963Zambia, 24 October 1964 as a RepublicZimbabwe, 18 April 1980 as a Republic- suspended on 19 March 2002, departed on 8 December 2003

Incarceration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Incarceration - Essay Example Although prisons traditionally are deemed as rehabilitative units to correct and deter criminality, these penal institutions are doing the reverse: producing confirmed criminals incompetent to integrate into mainstream society. Prison conditions, prison populations and prison rates display the tragic terror of the public unable to reform felons. The private prison system is a growing industry which is nourished by tax payers dollars. Petty criminals are incarcerated with the tough and hardened criminals. This situation results in the violence being reproduced in both younger and inexperienced inmates. The deplorable conditions of the prisons are justified. Gross human rights abuses take place within the cells. Prisoners are beaten, fed unhealthy food, subjected to unsanitary rooms and sometimes, confined, and transported to prison quarters away from their home states, away from family support but far from their criminal networks. The imbalance in the races represented in prison only reflects the partiality of the justice system where judges sentence criminals based on their ethnicity or nationality. Incarceration rates describe the ratio of how many prisoners per population of 100,000 are committed to penitentiary institutions. The United States boasts the highest incarceration rate in the world: 753 per 100,000 people as at 2008. This ratio represents a 240 percent increase since 1980. This ratio means that 3.5% of the U.S. adult population is behind bars. Compared to the U.S, the rest of the world have much lower incarceration rates for example, Russia holds the second place with 629 per 100,000; Rwanda with 593 per 100,000 and Cuba with 531 per 100,000. Compare these numbers with Australia 134, Canada 116, England 153 and Japan 63 (Schmitt 2010).    The United States leads the list in incarceration rates because of the privatized prison system. The federal and state penitentiaries employ the facilities of private owners; therefore making imprisonment a mon ey-making business. In 2008, federal, state, and local prison institutions demanded $75 billion to keep supporting its inmate population. Criminologists observe that if  prisoners convicted of non-violent crimes were not incarcerated, prison costs would be reduced to $16.9 billion per year. Another reason for America's mass imprisonment is the discriminatory conviction of prisoners belonging to certain races, particularly Blacks and Hispanics which together make up about three-quarters of the prison population. The trend of longer prison terms for minor crimes also is a factor contributing to mass imprisonment.   The prison system is a system which systematically disenfranchises inmates, stripping from poor minorities a key right. As a result, a section of the population remains voiceless. The implications here become more political since in inner city constituents the residents cannot cast their vote and decide on government or even run for office. The exploitation in prison al so enriches the prison institution owners who take unfair advantage of the labor of inmates. Inmates are usually paid about 23 cents per hour-minimum wage law does not apply and is not enforced in prisons.